Journal: The Korean Journal of Pain

Article Title: Pharmacological interactions between intrathecal pregabalin plus tianeptine or clopidogrel in a rat model of neuropathic pain

doi: 10.3344/kjp.2022.35.1.59

Figure Lengend Snippet: Time course curves of intrathecal pregabalin (A), tianeptine (B) and clopidogrel (C) on the hind paw withdrawal response after spinal nerve ligation. Data are presented as the withdrawal threshold (g). Each line represents the means ± standard error of the mean of 6 rats.

Article Snippet: Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea), and clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK); all drugs were dissolved in saline.

Techniques: Ligation

Journal: The Korean Journal of Pain

Article Title: Pharmacological interactions between intrathecal pregabalin plus tianeptine or clopidogrel in a rat model of neuropathic pain

doi: 10.3344/kjp.2022.35.1.59

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dose response effect of intrathecal pregabalin, tianeptine and clopidogrel (A), or mixture of pregabalin and tianeptine (B) on the hind paw withdrawal response after spinal nerve ligation. Data are presented as the percent of maximal possible effect (% MPE). Each line represents the means ± standard error of the mean of 6 rats. P: pregabalin ED 50 , T: tianeptine ED 50 , ED 50 : 50% effective dose. * P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001, compared with vehicle.

Article Snippet: Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea), and clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK); all drugs were dissolved in saline.

Techniques: Ligation

Journal: The Korean Journal of Pain

Article Title: Pharmacological interactions between intrathecal pregabalin plus tianeptine or clopidogrel in a rat model of neuropathic pain

doi: 10.3344/kjp.2022.35.1.59

Figure Lengend Snippet: A fixed dose analysis for the interaction between intrathecal clopidogrel (300 μg) and pregabalin. Data are presented as the percent of maximal possible effect (% MPE). Each line represents the means ± standard error of the mean of 6 rats.

Article Snippet: Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea), and clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK); all drugs were dissolved in saline.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: ECgo: All-Optical Induction of Single Endothelial Cell Injury and Capillary Occlusion in the Brain

doi: 10.1101/2025.05.27.656398

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Quantification of patent capillaries subjected to irradiation in the presence of Ps2P , either pretreated with anticoagulants to prevent occlusion or post-treated with rtPA to promote recanalization. All treatments failed to prevent blood flow cessation or to restore blood flow, respectively. (B) Reduction in blood flow upon capillary irradiation in the presence of anticoagulant drugs (left): Aspirin (N = 2, n = 10), heparin (N = 3, n = 17), clopidogrel (N = 4, n = 12) or blood flow recovery following reperfusion therapy with rtPA (N = 2, n = 18; right). Points represent single capillaries. (C) Representative two-photon images showing stalled blood cells inside the targeted capillary (left: leukocyte, middle: red blood cells (RBCs), right: platelets). Channels are displayed separately, with the merged image in the top left. Scale bars: 10 μm. (D) Representative maximum intensity two-photon 30-µm-z-projections of a Claudin5-EGFP reporter mouse. White arrowheads indicate individual EC nuclei. Scale bar: 10 μm. (E) Representative two-photon images of an EC injured capillary, showing pre-irradiation EC morphology (left) and post-irradiation damage (right). Line scan kymographs (cyan rectangles) using third-harmonic generation (THG) imaging confirm the presence and absence of blood flow pre- and post-irradiation, respectively. White arrowhead points towards injured EC nuclei. Scale bars: 10 μm. N = number of animals, n = number of capillaries.

Article Snippet: Clopidogrel (Tocris, Cat.# 1820) administration included either a 4-day treatment at a lower dose (20 mg/kg; one i.p. injection per day over 4 d) or a higher single dose injection (100 mg/kg, i.p.) on the capillary irradiation day, with a minimum 3-h waiting period between injection and capillary irradiation.

Techniques: Irradiation, Imaging

Journal: Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Article Title: Impact of age on in vitro metabolism of clopidogrel: a potential explanation for high on-treatment platelet reactivity in the elderly?

doi: 10.1016/j.rpth.2022.100014

Figure Lengend Snippet: Concentrations of clopidogrel-active metabolite after metabolism by <70 (young) and ≥70 (old) years old human liver microsomes after 30 minutes (T30) or 45 minutes (T45) of incubation. n = 21 in each group. ∗∗: P < .01 ∗∗∗: P < .001. HLM,

Article Snippet: Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate (Alsachim) was reconstituted in acetonitrile (10 mg/mL) and stored at −20 °C.

Techniques: Incubation

Journal: Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Article Title: Impact of age on in vitro metabolism of clopidogrel: a potential explanation for high on-treatment platelet reactivity in the elderly?

doi: 10.1016/j.rpth.2022.100014

Figure Lengend Snippet: Area under the curve and maximal aggregation inhibition of platelet aggregation after 30 (T30) and 45 (T45) minutes of incubation of clopidogrel with either old or young human liver microsomes.

Article Snippet: Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate (Alsachim) was reconstituted in acetonitrile (10 mg/mL) and stored at −20 °C.

Techniques: Inhibition, Incubation, Indirect Immunoperoxidase Assay

Journal: Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Article Title: Impact of age on in vitro metabolism of clopidogrel: a potential explanation for high on-treatment platelet reactivity in the elderly?

doi: 10.1016/j.rpth.2022.100014

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relationship between concentration of clopidogrel-active metabolite (μg/L) and inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA). AUC-IPA with old HLMs (A), AUC-IPA with young HLMs (B), maximal aggregation-IPA with old HLMs (C), and maximal aggregation-IPA with young HLMs (D). Light red or blue squares stand for T30 incubation ( n = 8), and dark red and blue squares stand for T45 incubation ( n = 13). AUC, area under the curve; clopidogrel-AM, clopidogrel-active metabolite; HLMs, human liver microsomes; IPA, inhibition of platelet aggregation.

Article Snippet: Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate (Alsachim) was reconstituted in acetonitrile (10 mg/mL) and stored at −20 °C.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Inhibition, Incubation